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Abstract

Pandemi coronavirus disease (Covid-19) memberikan pengaruh baik pada kondisi sosial maupun ekonomi di Indonesia. Salah satu kondisi ekonomi yang terpengaruh adalah ketimpangan, yaitu tidak adanya pemerataan dalam hal kesejahteraan. Indikator yang digunakan untuk mengukur ketimpangan di Indonesia adalah rasio Gini. Semakin tinggi angka rasio Gini menunjukkan semakin timpang kondisi perekonomian di suatu wilayah. Situasi ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor. Penelitian ini menganalisis determinan yang memengaruhi ketimpangan pada masa Covid-19. Analisis regresi panel random effect digunakan untuk melihat variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap rasio Gini. Penelitian menggunakan sembilan variabel yang mewakili faktor makroekonomi, kependudukan, ketenagakerjaan, dan sumber daya manusia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa variabel yang memengaruhi rasio Gini adalah jumlah penduduk miskin, PDRB sektor pertanian, rata-rata lama sekolah, persentase pekerja sektor jasa, dan angka partisipasi kasar perguruan tinggi. Variabel-variabel tersebut memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda-beda, baik dari besar pengaruh maupun hubungan korelasinya. Rekomendasi kebijakan penanganan ketimpangan yang dapat dipertimbangkan berdasarkan hasil analisis antara lain meningkatkan akses pendidikan untuk seluruh masyarakat, menurunkan angka pengangguran pada lulusan pendidikan tinggi, melakukan pemerataan pertumbuhan ekonomi sektor pertanian, serta menurunkan beban pengeluaran dan pemberdayaan kelompok miskin dan rentan.

Keywords

ketimpangan rasio gini random effect mode

Article Details

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Copyright ©Kementerian PPN/Bappenas RI

How to Cite
Fitriyani, C., Rusiti, R., Septiavin, Q., & Sari, E. R. (2024). Analisis Determinan Ketimpangan di Indonesia pada Masa Covid-19. Bappenas Working Papers, 7(3), 293 - 307. https://doi.org/10.47266/bwp.v7i3.354

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