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Abstract
Indonesia berkomitmen untuk melaksanakan pembangunan berkelanjutan khususnya di bidang sosial dan ekonomi dengan memperhatikan kualitas lingkungan hidup dan didukung oleh kapasitas fiskal yang memadai. Hubungan antara variabel-variabel yang mempengaruhi kualitas lingkungan provinsi di Indonesia dibahas dengan metode estimasi Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) berkaitan dengan hubungan variabel penelitian dengan lingkungan hidup. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Environmental Kuznet Curve (EKC) terjadi dalam model kualitas lingkungan hidup dan kualitas udara. Pembangunan manusia, kemiskinan, belanja fungsi lingkungan dan industri manufaktur berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas lingkungan. Persentase PAD, transfer fiskal dan urbanisasi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas lingkungan hidup. Pemerintah perlu menerapkan PDRB Hijau, menyiapkan perangkat kebijakan pelayanan terbaik, meningkatkan regulasi dan penegakan hukum, menerapkan sistem transfer fiskal berbasis ekologi, meningkatkan kualitas belanja fungsi lingkungan dan mempertahankan kebijakan bauran energi nasional.
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